영국 초등학생의 비만 유병률 궤적과 영국 청량음료 산업 부과금 간의 연관성: 감시 데이터에 대한 중단된 시계열 분석

5 g sugar/100 ml fell from 49% to just 15% between September 2015 and February 2019, with reformulation accelerating after announcement of the UK SDIL [28]. Overall, the UK SDIL was associated with a reduction in sugar purchased from soft drinks [29]. While the price of soft drinks increased following implementation of the SDIL, the levy was only partially passed on to the consumer. For example, in drinks containing between ≥5 to <8 g of sugar per 100 ml, approximately one-third of the levy was passed on [28]. A number of modelling studies [30–33] have predicted that the introduction of SSB taxes would lead to a modest reduction in obesity in children and adults at the population level, but no study to date has used empirical data to examine whether the response of the SSB industry to the UK SDIL was associated with a subsequent change in the prevalence of childhood obesity. A few studies have used empirical data to estimate associations between SSB taxes and weight-related outcomes in children and adolescents and have either shown no overall association [23,34–36] or small to modest associations in specific subgroups such as low-income households [36] children with higher body mass indices (BMIs) [36,37] or in adolescent girls but not boys [38]. Different findings from these discrete studies may be related to use of different outcome measures (in particular, one study relied on subjective measures of self-reported weight [34]), differences in change in SSB prices achieved by taxes (some were associated with small average increases in prices of SSB (<5%) [34,35]) or differences in substitutions to high-calorie untaxed food [23] and drinks [23,35]./p>